Qal Imperfect — III-ה (Lamed-He) Paradigms
Full inflection tables for III-ה weak roots in the Qal Imperfect, including Jussive and Wayyiqtol.
III-ה: בָּנָה (build) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol
| Person |
Long Imperfect |
Short Jussive |
Wayyiqtol |
Notes |
| 3ms |
יִבְנֶ֫ה |
יִ֫בֶן |
וַיִּ֫בֶן |
Seghol-he drops; vowel shortens to seghol |
| 3fs |
תִּבְנֶ֫ה |
תִּ֫בֶן |
— |
Same as 3ms |
| 2ms |
תִּבְנֶ֫ה |
תִּ֫בֶן |
— |
|
| 2fs |
תִּבְנִי |
תִּבְנִי |
— |
Hireq-yod replaces seghol-he; same in both |
| 1cs |
אֶבְנֶ֫ה |
אֶ֫בֶן |
— |
|
| 3mp |
יִבְנ֫וּ |
יִבְנ֫וּ |
וַיִּבְנ֫וּ |
-וּ replaces ה; same in both |
| 3fp |
תִּבְנֶ֫ינָה |
— |
— |
Rare; seghol-he + נָה |
| 2mp |
תִּבְנ֫וּ |
תִּבְנ֫וּ |
— |
Same as 3mp |
| 2fp |
תִּבְנֶ֫ינָה |
— |
— |
|
| 1cp |
נִבְנֶ֫ה |
נִ֫בֶן |
— |
|
Key markers:
- Long Imperfect: ends in -ֶה (seghol + he)
- Short Jussive: final ה drops; preceding consonant takes seghol or patach
- Wayyiqtol: waw-consecutive prefix + short (jussive) form
- 3mp/2mp: -וּ replaces the ה (same in both long and short)
III-ה: עָשָׂה (do, make) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol
| Person |
Long Imperfect |
Short Jussive |
Wayyiqtol |
Notes |
| 3ms |
יַעֲשֶׂ֫ה |
יַ֫עַשׂ |
וַיַּ֫עַשׂ |
I-gutt. ע also; chateph prefix; patach in jussive |
| 3fs |
תַּעֲשֶׂ֫ה |
תַּ֫עַשׂ |
— |
|
| 2ms |
תַּעֲשֶׂ֫ה |
תַּ֫עַשׂ |
— |
|
| 2fs |
תַּעֲשִׂי |
תַּעֲשִׂי |
— |
|
| 1cs |
אֶעֱשֶׂ֫ה |
אֶ֫עַשׂ |
— |
Seghol under prefix before chateph |
| 3mp |
יַעֲשׂ֫וּ |
יַעֲשׂ֫וּ |
וַיַּעֲשׂ֫וּ |
|
| 1cp |
נַעֲשֶׂ֫ה |
נַ֫עַשׂ |
— |
|
III-ה: רָאָה (see) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol
| Person |
Long Imperfect |
Short Jussive |
Wayyiqtol |
Notes |
| 3ms |
יִרְאֶ֫ה |
יֵ֫רֶא |
וַיַּ֫רְא |
I-gutt. ר (light); jussive shows yod-like prefix shift |
| 3fs |
תִּרְאֶ֫ה |
תֵּ֫רֶא |
— |
|
| 2ms |
תִּרְאֶ֫ה |
תֵּ֫רֶא |
— |
|
| 1cs |
אֶרְאֶ֫ה |
אֵ֫רֶא |
— |
|
| 3mp |
יִרְא֫וּ |
יִרְא֫וּ |
וַיִּרְא֫וּ |
|
III-ה: הָיָה (be, become) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol
| Person |
Long Imperfect |
Short Jussive |
Wayyiqtol |
Notes |
| 3ms |
יִהְיֶ֫ה |
יְהִ֫י |
וַיְהִ֫י |
Very irregular jussive; hireq-yod ending |
| 3fs |
תִּהְיֶ֫ה |
תְּהִ֫י |
— |
|
| 2ms |
תִּהְיֶ֫ה |
תְּהִ֫י |
— |
|
| 3mp |
יִהְי֫וּ |
יִהְי֫וּ |
וַיִהְי֫וּ |
|
| 1cp |
נִהְיֶ֫ה |
— |
— |
|
Note on הָיָה: The jussive 3ms is יְהִי (hireq-yod), not the expected seghol form.
This is one of the most distinctive and frequent forms in the entire OT — "Let there be..."
(Gen 1:3). It must be memorized.
Strong Paradigm — Comparison
| Person |
Strong (יִקְטֹל) |
III-ה (יִבְנֶה) |
III-ה Jussive |
III-ה Wayyiqtol |
| 3ms |
יִקְטֹל |
יִבְנֶ֫ה |
יִ֫בֶן |
וַיִּ֫בֶן |
| 3fs |
תִּקְטֹל |
תִּבְנֶ֫ה |
תִּ֫בֶן |
— |
| 2ms |
תִּקְטֹל |
תִּבְנֶ֫ה |
תִּ֫בֶן |
— |
| 2fs |
תִּקְטְלִי |
תִּבְנִי |
תִּבְנִי |
— |
| 1cs |
אֶקְטֹל |
אֶבְנֶ֫ה |
אֶ֫בֶן |
— |
| 3mp |
יִקְטְלוּ |
יִבְנ֫וּ |
יִבְנ֫וּ |
וַיִּבְנ֫וּ |
| 1cp |
נִקְטֹל |
נִבְנֶ֫ה |
נִ֫בֶן |
— |